FINANCIAL LEARNING CENTER

Make sense of the money questions on your mind.

Plain-language guides for everyday money, credit, loans, investing, business and property. Read a worked example, review the assumptions and try the relevant tool.

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27 matching resources

Worksheet

Property / MLS reference worksheet

Review user-entered listing details before applying them to a mortgage or investment calculation. Public automatic lookup is not available yet.

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Guide

Compare credit card APRs, balance transfers and cash advances

Compare purchase, balance-transfer and cash-advance APRs, fees and repayment terms. Use issuer disclosures and a worked payoff example, including business cards.

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Guide

Build a debt payoff plan you can keep

Organize balances and required payments, compare payoff approaches and see why a payment must exceed interest to reduce a debt balance.

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Guide

Compare bank accounts beyond the headline APY

Review account fees, access, balance requirements and deposit coverage, then use a hypothetical example to see how fees can change the outcome.

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Guide

Compare loan payments, interest and fees together

Distinguish the contractual interest rate from APR and compare total borrowing cost, upfront fees and monthly payments on a fixed-rate loan.

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Guide

Compare a car loan without losing sight of the car’s total cost

Separate vehicle price, financing and ownership costs, then see how a longer term can lower a payment while increasing total interest.

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Guide

Separate college funding needs from loan choices

Compare education costs, grants, available cash and the remaining funding gap before reviewing federal or private student-loan terms.

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Guide

Understand investment risk and the cost of fees

Separate contributions from hypothetical returns, examine concentration and fees, and test how different assumptions change a long-term result.

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Guide

Separate the retirement account from the investment

Organize workplace-plan and IRA questions, distinguish account tax treatment from investment risk and plan a contribution scenario with clear limits.

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Guide

Prepare a business funding request around the numbers

Connect the use of funds to startup costs, contribution margin, operating break-even and a documented repayment plan before comparing financing.

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Guide

Compare insurance coverage before comparing the premium

Use a coverage checklist to compare limits, deductibles and exclusions, and see why a lower premium does not establish the better policy.

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Guide

Organize tax records and understand what withholding means

Build a practical tax-record checklist and distinguish payments already made from final tax liability before using official withholding resources.

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Guide

Build a budget that includes the irregular bills

Reconcile take-home income, regular spending, debt payments, savings and annual bills before choosing a realistic emergency-fund contribution.

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Guide

Rental Cash Flow & Cash-on-Cash Return

Calculate rental cash flow after vacancy, expenses, debt and reserves. Follow a worked example and compare cash-on-cash return with property appreciation.

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Guide

DSCR Explained: NOI, Debt & Lender Methods

Is debt service included in NOI? Learn why loan payments are separate, work through a 1.30 DSCR example and compare NOI-based and rent-to-PITIA methods.

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Guide

BRRRR Refinance: LTV Limits & Cash Left In

Work through a BRRRR refinance example using LTV and income limits, payoff costs and cash returned to estimate the money still invested.

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Guide

Fix-and-Flip Profit: Costs & Downside Cases

Estimate fix-and-flip profit after acquisition, rehab, financing, holding and selling costs, then test a lower sale price and longer project.

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Guide

Seller Financing: Payments & Balloon Risk

Understand seller-financed payment schedules, combined debt service and balloon risk with a simple example that separates monthly cash flow from payoff needs.

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Guide

Debt Yield vs. DSCR: Two Different Loan Checks

Compare debt yield with DSCR using a $500,000 loan example. See why interest rates can change debt coverage without changing debt yield.

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Guide

Hard Money Loan Costs: Interest, Points and Delays

Work through interest, origination points, upfront fees and exit fees on a short-term property loan. Separate financing cost from principal repayment.

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Guide

1031 Exchange Deadlines: Check More Than 180 Days

Plan the standard 45-day identification period and the earlier receipt deadline for a delayed 1031 exchange, with a year-end example.

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Guide

BRRRR Tax Records: Keep Refinance Cash Separate from Profit

Organize purchase, rehab, rental and refinance records for a BRRRR project. Separate cash returned, taxable rental results and property basis.

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Guide

Compare DSCR Loan Quotes Beyond the Interest Rate

Use a consistent worksheet to compare principal, points, income assumptions, debt service, reserves and exit restrictions across investor-loan quotes.

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Guide

Verify Local Rent and Cap Rates Before Using a City Average

Build a property-specific rent and cap-rate evidence file. Distinguish asking rent, achieved rent, public benchmarks and hypothetical underwriting assumptions.

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Tutorial

Analyze your first rental

A two-minute walkthrough using actual OneDEAL screens and a worked example.

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Tutorial

Understand your results

Read cash flow, debt coverage and cash-on-cash results together.

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Tutorial

Enter expenses correctly

Keep annual, monthly and percentage assumptions in the correct fields.

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Explore your financial question

Go deeper into property investing

GUIDE 01

Calculate rental cash flow without fooling yourself

Rental cash flow is not rent minus the mortgage. Start with collected rent, subtract vacancy and operating expenses to calculate net operating income, then subtract debt service. Property management should still be modeled when you plan to self-manage because your time has value and the property may eventually need professional management.

The practical sequence

  1. Estimate monthly scheduled rent using supportable local evidence.
  2. Reduce it for vacancy and collection loss.
  3. Subtract taxes, insurance, repairs, maintenance, management, utilities paid by the owner, association fees and capital reserves.
  4. Subtract monthly principal and interest to reach cash flow before income taxes.

A property that only cash-flows when vacancy, repairs and future replacements are set to zero is not conservatively underwritten. Stress the rent downward and expenses upward before deciding what to offer.

OneDEAL includes capital reserves in its modeled operating expenses. A lender may calculate NOI differently. See the cash-flow and cash-on-cash worked example →

Test a rental scenario →

GUIDE 02

What DSCR tells an investor—and what it does not

Debt-service coverage ratio compares a property's net operating income with its required debt payments. A DSCR of 1.30 means the modeled operating income is 1.30 times the modeled debt service. It describes debt coverage; it does not prove that the price, condition, cash invested or return is attractive.

DSCRNet operating income ÷ debt service

Use DSCR alongside monthly cash flow, cash-on-cash return, break-even occupancy, liquidity after closing and upcoming capital work. Also confirm how the actual lender defines income and expenses. A calculator estimate is not a loan approval or lender quote.

Compare NOI-based DSCR with rent-to-PITIA methods →

Three useful questions

  • Does the property still clear the target if rent is 5% lower?
  • Does coverage survive a higher rate or insurance renewal?
  • Is the return worth the cash required after lender reserves and closing costs?
Run the DSCR check →

GUIDE 03

The BRRRR refinance limit many analyses miss

A BRRRR refinance is commonly estimated by multiplying after-repair value by the lender's maximum loan-to-value ratio. That is only one limit. The stabilized property's income may support a smaller loan under the lender's DSCR requirement.

Responsible refinance estimateThe lower of the LTV limit and income-supported loan

The smaller number determines realistic proceeds. From those proceeds, subtract the debt being paid off and refinance costs to estimate cash returned. If the deal leaves money invested, evaluate the remaining equity, monthly cash flow and return on the cash still trapped in the property instead of calling the project a failure automatically.

Work through the cash-left-in calculation →

Stress before purchasing

  • Lower the final appraisal.
  • Increase the rehab budget and project duration.
  • Use a conservative stabilized rent.
  • Increase the permanent-loan rate and closing costs.
Model a BRRRR deal →
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The lifestyle images are AI-generated illustrations. They do not depict OneDEAL staff, financial advisers or customer testimonials.